Synopsis "Out of 29 families of rodents found in the world, four families namely Sciuridae, Muridae, Dipodidae and Hystricidae occur in India. Family Muridae, which is by far the largest family, is represented in India by 28 genera and 68 species, family Sciuridae by 12 genera and 29 species, family Dipodidae by one genus and one species, and family Hystricidae by 2 genera and 3 species. The family Dipodidae is mainly a Palaearctic one and spilled over to India in Jammu and Kashmir only. In the present study, families Muridae and Hystricidae have been covered with."