This work is my Ph. D. thesis. I have done a critical study of the Buddhacarita which is the most famous work amongst works of Asvaghosa the Buddhist poet and philospher. Apart from the literary point of view, it has also importance from Various other points of view. This work has historical importance and it also gives a description about the life and activities of Gautama Buddha along with the buddhist philosophy. Besides, we may also know the socio-political and cultural history of the time. Therefore, I have made ceitical study of this work in critical and comparative lines and I hope, this book will be useful for students and researchers.