The present work deals with the remains of the Railing (vedika) and Gateway (torn pa) of the Bharhut Stupa which form one of the most remarkable collections of the Indian Museum, Calcutta. It gives a general description of the remains as they stand in the Indian Museum and also of their discovery at Bharhut by Sir Alexander Cunningham during 1873-74. The main purpose of the book is to describe and explain the reliefs carved on the Railing and Gateway. This Part I deals with the so-called ‘decorative reliefs’ and gives an account of a number of such art motifs occurring on the monument and tries to bring out their meaning and significance as well as the reason of their occurrence on the Railing and Gateway.