‘Pranayama’ is a yogic respiratory exercise. This exercise is found to be excellent for balanced physiological development on the basis of practitioners experience of spiritual advancement and scientific experiments. The book ‘Pranayama’ had become popular during its first publication itself in the year 1931 because of its simple, lucid, scientific and systematic presentation of the subject. In the fifth edition of its Hindi Translation, Swami Kuvalayanandaji has provided the technique of four Pranayama of Patanjali besides the eight popular Hathayogic Pranayama. Appropriate and neat illustrations have also been provided to explain the technique clearly.