The enormous variability of life forms and their association generally referred as biodiversity. It has gained popularity for the past twenty years. The biodiversity is related to agriculture and is fundamental to food and nutritional security, including plants, animals, soil organisms, insect and other flora and fauna in agro-ecosystems. It has multiple economic, ecological and social benefits and is a crucial component of sustainability. Recently, it has been realised that though it is fundamental to nutritional security, it is being eroded and disappearing throughout the world because of several developmental changes. To meet this challenge, it requires addressing causes of problems and call for change in practices, pardigms and policies.