Synopsis Tank irrigation is one of the important and oldest sources of irrigation in India. Southern parts of India are noted for the intensity of tanks. There are about 127, 000 tanks in the southern region consisting of Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka states. Tank irrigation is also getting importance in other states like Maharastra, Gujarat, Rajasthan etc., However, over years, the area under tank irrigation has been declining and policy makers and planners are exploring the possibilities to revive the Tank Irrigation, as Tank Irrigation is the typical example of the water harvesting techniques, and are mostly managed by the local communities as common property resource. Budget constraints and poor community participation make the tank performance unsustainable. The immediate solution is to identify the appropriate investment strategies and make the local Panchayats responsible for the operation and maintenance of the tanks. Resource mobilization by the local bodies is very essential. The book is based on the works done by the authors in India, Thailand, Philippines, Sri Lanka and east African countries. The recommendations made in the book will be more useful in improving the Tank Irrigation performance.