India has an enormous wealth of cattle and buffalo, which is crucial to the development of the socioeconomic status of millions of rural households as well as the country's economy. Dairying has developed into a full-fledged industry in the nation, positively enhancing the lives of those involved in the industry. With expanding population, growing urbanization and increasing purchasing power, the demand for milk and milk products is expected to go up. We need to catch up with the daunting challenge to produce more milk and to generate sufficient value added products. To meet the domestic demand of milk and to generate sufficient exportable surplus, the growth rate in our milk production needs to be accelerated. The major challenges which require urgent attention are, low productivity, breed improvement, shortage of feed and fodder, emerging new disease, poor penetration of technologies at farmers door etc. This book will be of great use and help to the students, dairy farmers & entrepreneurs, dairy industry personnel, academicians, researchers and stake holders in Indian dairy sector.