Synopsis This book is a critical analysis of conflict and compromise between civil society and modern politics. Theory of civil society and its relation with modern politics has been drawn from two main sources: first, the writings of Kant, Hegel, Feuerbach, Marx and, more recently, Weber, Schmitt, Benjamin, Adorno and Arendt; attempts to sustain it in a public sphere, and political recognition in contemporary world. Here, it will attempt to answer these questions with a brief recapitulation of the relevance of Kant, Hegel, Marx, Benjamin, Arendt and other modern thinkers for an understanding of the relationship between civil society and modern politics.