Synopsis In this book the author has given an idea about the various population groups of Assam and their socio-cultural background. He has critically examined the racial elements that have entered into the population of Assam following the traditional approach of anthropology. The subject matter has been dealt with in a popular and non-technical manner so as to be of interest of the general readers and at the same time prove useful to the students of anthropology. The book succinctly deals with the various factors causing population variation in Assam. The book thus succeeds in providing a holistic perception of population dynamics in Assam in particular and Northeast India in general. The author has identified some of the major factors connected with the peopling of Assam. These are mythical migration, foundation of people, ancient migration, population formation, ongoing processes and end result.