Synopsis The present study traces the historical evolution of the Jaina religion and the long chain of its twenty four Tirthankaras beginning from Rishabha Deva, the first Tirthankara. Historically, Jainism is the oldest religion of the world. According to Jaina scriptures Jainism is eternal and has been revealed time and again by the Tirthankaras. Besides tracing the antiquity and emergence of Jainism, this volume, elaborately discusses the life and philosophy of Rishabha, Mahavira as well as Parsvanath and their contribution to the Jaina church. This volume also contains depth studies of the diverse aspects of Jaina philosophy, which occupies an unique place among other Indian philosophical systems and throws light on Jaina faith and moral, Jaina conduct, Monk's federation and its administration. The book also discusses the spread of Jainism and Sramana tradition in India and traces the glorious past of Jainism in Mathura which flourished for centuries. As Jainism is more strict and disciplined order it spread only in India, whereas Buddhism a monastic religion which enjoyed royal patronage had spread throughout Asia, and other parts of the world.