Synopsis The book entitled Rainfed Agriculture in India : Research and Development Scenario is an attempt to highlight the importance of rainfed agriculture in India. Rainfed areas are the habitat of the ecologically and economically disadvantaged small holders, landless and the poor. In any R&D activity to improve the lot of such a community, in particular, there cannot be an adhoc approach. This book assesses the earlier attempts made in the country and elsewhere. Then a study is taken up for a thorough understanding of the natural resources including the socio-economic conditions of these areas. This is followed with a critical review of the various R&D efforts already put in place both within and outside the country. Later, SWOT analysis was taken up to suggest improvements in various production systems. Finally the future R&D efforts needed have been highlighted.