Synopsis The Sankhayana Aranyaka is an important early text on early Indian philosophy and ritual. Being a closely parallel text and a commentary on the Aitareya Aranyaka, it is of great value and interest for those working on the early Indian rituals, myths and philology. The present edition contains a literal rendering of the nine adhyayas or chapters of the Sankhayana Aranyaka apart from an Introduction and an Appendix on the Mahavrata. In the Introduction, Keith has discussed, at great length, the work and its importance besides giving a detailed exposition of the work in relation to the Aitareya Aranyaka. The copious notes to the text by Keith provide a mass work for those interested in the study of early Indian philosophy symbolism, rites and ritual, the Sankhayana Aranyaka is a must for scholars.