Synopsis After the recent activities of the Left parties in the Punjab it is interesting to note that a body of literature is emerging on the history of the Left parties in that state. Mohinder Singh’s work on the Peasant Movement in PEPSU or the erstwhile Patiala and East Punjab States Union is an original exposition of the role of the CPI and the Lal Communist Part in the struggle of the peasantry against the exploitation and oppression of the feudal land owning classes. The writer’s analyses of the peasant-biswedar-government relationship is a landmark in the land related literature of the Country. It explains much of the background to the present agragrian social structure of North India.