Synopsis Though the NLF had been led by the Communists, but it had a nationalist agenda. When the US indulged in bombing, strafing and shooting indiscriminately to annihilate Communism in Vietnam, the NLF fought bravely. Despite initial reverses, Vietnam became victorious in driving out the Americans and in unifying the two parts of Vietnam. The present study has analysed those developments in depth and says the Vietnamese are staunch nationalists. The NLF became victorious because it articulated nationalist aspirations of its followers.