Synopsis The present study is an attempt to understand the problems and the magnitude of marine pollution faced by India and Canada and the initiatives taken by both the countries over the years. India and Canada represent contrasting levels of development in terms of economy, technology, industrialization, mass participation and public interest groups, north-south inequalities, “Northern” and “Southern” perspectives on the global environment regimes and different types of concerns. Still there are many aspects on which the policy postures of both India and Canada converge given their domestic economic and international imperatives.