Synopsis The relationship between anthropology and sociology has always been tempestuous except at Harvard University during the 1960’s. When the two disciplines are put side by side they, at first sight, seem to be almost indistinguishable because they use a common terminology and share the only general theory which exists in the social sciences. But they are quite different in what and how do they study and what they teach their students. They are temperamentally quite unlike and their ‘personalities’ are different. The book tries to examine the relevant issues in some depth. It also presents an account of the state of Indian anthropology today covering both social cultural Anthropology and Physical Anthropology.