Synopsis The most gratifying thing for me was that this book was listed as a millennium book along with Dr. B.R. Ambedkar’s Annihilation of Caste. Moreover, it has been translated into several Indian languages. In a way it has become a weapon in the hands of Dalitbahujan activists. (From the new Afterword to the second edition). Kiancha Ilaiah writes with passionate anger, laced with sarcasm on the caste system and Indian society. He looks at the socioeconomic and cultural differences between the Dalitbahujans and Hindus in the contexts of childhood, family life, market relations, power relations, Gods and Goddesses, death and, not least, Hindutva. Synthesizing many of the ideas of Bahujans, he presents their vision of a more just society. In this second edition, he presents an Afterword that discusses the history of this book, often seen as the manifesto of the downtrodden Dalibahujans. He talks of tis rviews as well of the abuse he has received from its detractors. He reminds us of the need for an ongoing dialogue. As he says, he wrote the book ‘for all who have open minds. My request to Brahmin, Baniya and Neo-Kshatriyas (upper class Sudras) is this, you learnt only what to teach others: the Dalitbahujans. Now in your own interest and in the interest of this great country you must learn to listen and to read what we have to say.