Synopsis An oft-neglected theme in studies on communal violence is the role of the state, particularly of its institutions of law enforcement and policing. Recent experience with religion-based violence in South Asia-particularly, the 2002 riots in Gujarat-has brought into sharp focus this relationship between communal violence and partisan state institutions. These major incidents clearly seem to have done away with the state’s assumed role as a neutral arbiter between communities, and revealed instead a more openly ethnicised majoritarian stance. The seven essays in this anthology-written by eminent authors from diverse traditions of anthropology, history, politics and sociology-critically re-examine the symbolism, scale and nature of communal violence in South Asia in view of the state’s changing image. Moving beyond clich?d explanations of riots, the contributors. Map the contemporary discourse on Hindu-Muslim violence and focus on the causes of communal violence as well as its longterm consequences. Situate the nation-state within the incidents of violence-variously termed ethnic, communal and everyday violence-that simultaneously frame and challenge the authority of the state. Locate the current discussion on violence and the state in Pakistan, and provide a general thematic overview of religion and state institutions in Pakistan. Discuss the specific locality-based socio-economic condition that contribute to violence. Expand various categories of violence to present a South Asian perspective vis-?-vis the current western discourse on ‘global terrorism’. Providing original ethnographic accounts from sites of violence as varied as Karachi, Aligarh, ahmedabad, Amritsar and Mumbai, this volume emphasizes the comparative local complexities. This makes it invaluable for assisting a broader understanding of religious violence. The book will be widely welcomed by students and scholars of development studies, anthropology, history, sociology, political science and South Asian studies.