Synopsis Earthworms, the soil invertebrates, alongwith soil microorganisms carry out a yeomen's service of degrading organic waste materials and thus maintain the nutrient flux in the system. Even the earthworms crafts-manship for formation, development and conservation of soil is known from the time of Darwin during late nineteenth century, vermitechnology as such has not been realized before midtwentieth century. Use of earthworms in agriculture, industry and environmental pollution control need to critically analyze. The authors has completed the job with great zeal and hard work.