Synopsis The book is concerned with a blend between population genetics and demography. It deals with the unit of study, or Medelian population, in the field of anthropology and population genetics with special emphasis on the importance of demographic parameters. This book provides a framework for micro population study with a view to understanding the social, demographic and genetic structures of human population. The role of evolutionary forces like natural selection, genetic drift, and mating patterns in bringing about changes in the genetic composition of the Mendelian population has been highlighted with reference to the demographic structure of the War Khasi population of Meghalaya in Northeast India. Therefore, the book will be of immense help to the scholars and policymakers interested in understanding the social and genetic structure of human population.