Synopsis There are many variants of social anthroplogy. The Indian variant is a combination of British social anthropology and Indian sociology. Of late the combination has also affected the methodology. It is argued that the students of social anthropology cannot be served by yesterday's social anthropology which is only a state recipe. The Present work is a revisit to the contemporary situation of tribals in India. For the first time a book on the strength of empirical evidence establishes that the Indian tribals constitute a distinct type of society. This type is, of course, neither a Hindu society, nor a Christian one. It is a society which has its own ethnic, historical and cultural identity. The official tribal policy, tribal movements and other aspects of primitive life have been critically examined in this book. It also looks at Indian social anthroplogy from new conceptual, theoretical and fieldwork insights.