Synopsis Teachers constitute the most important component of a nation’s human resource bank. If it is the considered view that the word ‘teacher’ needs to move beyond the accepted connotation of one who imparts instruction, who provides knowledge and sharpens skills, the role of a teacher needs to be redefined as ‘educator’. Education in the emerging Indian society is passing through a very critical but interesting phase. Profound social change, rapid growth of population, the demands of an accelerated economic growth, the richness of knowledge and technical development as well as other factors create problems for the educational development in this country. For the reconstruction of education attempts are being made to improve methods and curricula, better organization and co-ordination of its various stages, a more efficient supervision and inspection of schools and the rapid expansion of the existing educational facilities, particularly in rural areas. The present publications is being prepared by keeping in view the syllabi of several Universities. The subject matter of the book have been presented in a manner that facilitates the proper understanding and assimilation of it. it is hoped that the publication will be of much use not only to the students and teachers but also to the academicians, educationists and policy makers.