Synopsis India has given shelter to a large number of tribal people with diverse cultural and biological identity in diverse environmental and geographical conditions. The tribals with diverse ethnic and cultural identity have been living in different corners for centuries. They adjusted themselves with peculiar ecological conditions of the area and started the way of life suitable in their respected ecosystem. The volume encompasses a wide range of papers covering so many important aspects of tribal life but mainly devoted for the Santhal tribe of Jharkhand and Jaunsar Bawar tribe of Uttranchal. Santhal is one of the oldest and most populated tribes of India living in plain area while Jaunsar Bawar is one of the Himalayan tribes being famous for polyandrous community. This volume would provide the basic features of the tribe which would give some guidelines in the perspective plans for the development of scheduled tribe.