Synopsis Microbiology as a science has expanded by leaps and bounds in the past few decades. This has resulted in the emergences of several application n its domain, therefore, a student of microbiology faces an uphill task to sort out the essentials from the details found in several voluminous textbooks presently flooding in the market. This book is being prepared by keeping in view the requirements of the students at undergraduate and postgraduate level. Arrangements of chapters and topics is as such that it is easily followed by the students. The subject matter is described in such a way that it is easily accessible to general students while providing substance comprehensive enough to challenge more experienced readers./ hoped that the book is useful not only to the students but also to the academic professionals.