Synopsis The present volume of the Encyclopedia of Indian Philosophies takes up the history of Nyaya-Vaisesika from where volume Two left, in the 14th century. With Gangesa it enters into the literature that has come to be known as Navyanyaya, i.e., 'new Nyaya.' Gangesa's seminal work, the Tattvacintamani is one of the most famous, as well as most difficult works of Indian Philosophy and this Volume begins with the most exhaustive account of its contents hitherto available. It reconstructs the development of Nyaya-Vaisesika through the next two centuries. The volume closes its reconstruction of literary history into the early 16th century, with Raghunatha Siromani, the great commentator on Gangesa's seminal works and one of the most innovative analytical philosophers the world has known. The volume represents the basic elements of present-day understanding of the contributions of the philosophers discussed. A detailed introduction by the two editors provides a bird's-eye view of the ideas expounded in the text.