Synopsis Although many scholars have commented on different aspects of the history of the Buddhist Cities in early India, which in those days attracted the seekers of truth from various parts of the Asian continent, the picture that has emerged so far is not at all satisfactory, and requires re-interpretation and critical assessment, in order to reveal its various interesting facets which have widely influenced not only the culture of India but that of the whole Asia. As we know, these places, because of their association with the 'Great Master' became the great centres of pilgrimage in the course of centuries and the events connected with His life became the favourite objects of representation by the artists in early Buddhist art. They flourished and continued to attract the seekers of knowledge for more than one thousand years. In the present monograph the significance of these places and the various events connected with them have been thoroughly discussed.