The new information and communication technologies, undoubtedly, has changed the way the library has existed through thousands of years. These changes are a part of the evolution that has been occurring over thousands of years. The challenges imposed by new technologies, as much as they may seem unprecedented and unique, are merely the latest knot in a string of uninterrupted changes and adaptations taking place since the first libraries appeared in the Mesopotamian Plains.

This book will help the readers not only to better understand libraries place in the past, but also to understand its position, potential, and challenges in present. Designed for practicing librarians, information scientists, teachers and students of library and information science, this book elaborately describes the applications and challenges of modernization and digitization of library resources. This book argues that libraries will continue to meet new challenges as they did in the past, though perhaps with an even greater intensity than before, to carry their mission into the electronic age and thus to play a pivotal role in the future.