Biotechnology is the application of living organisms to develop new product or improve existing ones. Biotechnology today imbibes us to transfer of a gene fro one organism to another to increase crop productivity, improve quality, safety etc. Plant biology has always been of immense practical importance, and has enjoyed an intimate relationship with medicine and other biological sciences for centuries. Increasing scientific specialisation and the rapid advances in Chemical and Medical Sciences during the last century have left many persons with the impression that plant biology & biotechnology is important only in relation to the agricultural sciences. This is no longer true. The biotechnology is also used in gene cloning, control of pollution, formagtion of bacteril plasmids, synthesis of alcohols, acids, vaccines, antibiotics, enzymes, production of biogas, production of interferons, steroids and monoclonal bodies, food industry, pharmaceutical industry etc. The book will be useful to biotechnologists, biologists, agriculture scientists, researchers and teachers.