The twenty-first century will be a century of biotechnology and biological innovation will surely flourish, in which the R & D of algal biology will make new contributions towards the economic development, especially in the field of development and utilisation of new energy resources. With the phenomenal increase in the world population and industrial growth in the past few decades, some of the major problems of a basic nature confronting mankind are those of quantity and quality of food, feed, drinking water, disposal of sewage and industrial wastes, and proper conservation of soils and water. Suitably controlled algal growth can provide positive help in tackling these problems. Algae have found applications in many areas including agriculture, aquaculture, environmental protection and management and as functional foods and pharmaceuticals. This book, Algal Biotechnology, provides an authoritative review of many aspects of current interest and progress in the field of algal biotechnology. This book includes thirty four chapters which provide information on the application of Cyanobacteria with their biotechnological potential in the present scenario. Topics covering algal cytology, ecology, marine agronomy, environmental impact on marine pollution, biological nitrogen fixation, phototaxis, phycotoxins, etc. have been specially included to project their role in the present century. Information on dinoflagellates, diatoms and ultrastructural studies have also been included. The book will be useful to biotechnologists, botanists, agriculturists, pharmaceutists, industrialists, researchers, teachers and students of biology and algology.