Ecology is the scientist study of the way in which the plants, animals, and people are related to each other and to their environment; and reproduction is the act or the process of producing babies, young animals, or plants. Ecology and animal reproduction forms an important part of curriculum of almost all colleges and universities in India and abroad. Although a host of books on the ecology are available, we did feet the need of a book which can provide information on the diversity of animals inhabiting various ecological niches together with the reproductive strategies adopted by them and to carry out diverse kinds of reproductive-ecological analyses spreading across several types of ecosystems sustaining different kind of flora and fauna. This volume has been written in a lucid and easy to understand language dealing elaborately with following topics.