Synopsis The scope of microbiology has enlarged tremendously during last 25-30 years. The present volume deals about the microbial diversity comprising 25 reviews papers and research papers from outstanding scientists of India. This will related to plants and microbial diversity. It mainly includes fungal, bacterial and nematode diversity, mushrooms cultivation, bio-fertilizers, disease resistance, biological control, plant disease management, plant primary goal of preparing this volume fertility. The primary goal of preparing this volume is to present a balanced view of the diversity of issues that related to the microbial diversity and provide the fundamental infor-mation that will allow students and scientists to understand the complexities of those issues. This book is suitable for students of post-graduate, research scholars, senior research fellow and research associate in mycology, microbiology, plant pathology, plant bacterio-logy and plant protection. It will also be extremely useful to the teachers, instructors and scientists engaged in pursuit higher knowledge in this area.