Synopsis This book contains a summary of the main findings of the Situation Assessment Survey of the farmers undertaken by the National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO) of the Ministry of Statistics and Plan Implementation, Government of India, during 2003. The survey graphically brings out some disturbing facts about the state of affairs in the farming sector. It highlights the dissatisfaction of the farmers with their profession, their ignorance about matters most important for their future, and the dismal failure of the credit institutions and numerous government agencies in fulfilling their assigned tasks for the farming sector. The survey results also show that most of the farmer households have low living standards and low earnings and nearly two-fifths among them are under debt.