Synopsis Two most important developments in world history over the past two centuries have been the expansion of Western power and the revival of Islam. Being a key focus of British imperialism and an important site of Muslim revivalism, South Asia has played a central role in both these processes. Written over a decade, this topical collection explains the mechanics of the Muslim revival, how it interacted with British power in creating the modern Muslim world, and the extent to which there may be a clash of civilizations. In Islam, South Asia, and the West, Francis Robinson confronts key issues of contemporary relevance--the interactions between British power and Muslim revivalism in giving shape to the modern Muslim world; the role of knowledge in fashioning Muslim societies; and the rise of the transmitters of knowledge (the 'ulama) to greater influence than ever before. He discusses the great shift from an other-worldly to a this-worldly piety amongst Muslims, the energy this has given the Muslim revival, and its meaning for relations between Islam and the West. Lucid and stimulating yet grounded in a lifetime of serious research, this book will be important for scholars and students of medieval and modern Indian history, Islamic studies, and religion. It will also interest political scientists, political and social analysts, and informed general readers.