Synopsis In the Treatise on Indian Medicinal Plants seven hundred species have been described. The present volume deals with one hundred and twenty dicotyledonous flowering plants. Volume 2 was earlier published in 1992 by the publication and information directorate, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, which is now designated as National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources (NISCAIR), New Delhi. The earlier volume has been updated. New chemical constituents of sixty three plants have been reported. As in the earlier volumes the plants have been illustrated either with coloured photographs or B/W sketches. For the benefit of the  readers the basic concepts of Ayurveda, Glossaries of Sanskrit/Ayurvedic terms and medical terms have been recorded. The books referred in connection with literature references have been updated till December, 2002. The present volume would be a useful source of information for the research workers and those who are interested in traditional medicine.