Synopsis Introduction. List of agriculturally important species of Acridoidea (Orthoptera). Systematic account. Key to families of Acridoidea. Family Pyrgomorphidae. Key to the genera of family Pyrgomorphidae. Key to the species of Genus Chrotognus Serville, 1893: 1. Chrotogonus (Chrotogonus) trachypterus trachypterus (Blanchard). 2. Chrotogonus (Chrotogonus) oxypterus (blanchard). Genus Atractomorpha Saussure, 1862. 3. Atractomorpha crenulata (Fabricius). Genus Colemania Bolivar, 1910. 4. Colemania sphenarioides Bolivar. Genus Neorthacris Kevan and Singh, 1964. 5. Neorthacris acuticeps acuticeps (Bolivar). Genus Poekilocerus (Fabricius) 1775. 6. Poekilocerus pictus (Fabricius). Family Acridiadae. Key to the subfamilies of family Acridiadae. Subfamily Hemiacridinae. Key to genera of subfamily Hemiacridinae. Genus Gesonula Uvarov, 1940. 7. Gesonula punctifrons (Stal). Genus spathosternum Krauss, 1877. 8. Spathosternum prasiniferum (Walker). Genus Hieroglyphus Kraus, 1877. Key to the species of genus Hieroglyphus Kraus, 1877. 9. Hieroglyphus banian (Fabricius). 10. Hieroglyphus nigrorepletus Bolivar. 11. Hieroglyphus orizivorous Carl. Subfamily Oxyinae. Genus Oxya Serville, 1831. Key to species (male) of Genus Oxya Serville, 1831. Key to species (female) of Genus Oxya Serville, 1831. 12. Oxya hyla hyla Serville. 13. Oxya fuscovittata (Marschall). 14. Oxya nitidula (walker). Subfamily Tropidopolinae. Genus Tristria Stal, 1873. 15. Tristria pulvinata (Uvarov). Subfamily Eyprepochemidinae. 16. Eyprepocnemis alacris alacris (Serville). 17. Eyprepocnemis rosea Uvarov. Genus Choreodocus Bolivar, 1914. 18. Choreodocus robutus (Serville). Genus Tyloropidius Stal, 1873. 19. Tylotropidius varicorinis (Walker). Genus Eupreponotus Uvarov, 1921. 20. Eupreponotus inflatus Uvarov. Subfamily Gomphocerinae. Genus Dnopherula Karsch, 1896. Subgenus (Alacobothrus) luteipes (Walker). 21. Dnopherula (Alacobothrus) luteipes (Walker). Key to the Genus of subfamily catantopinae. Genus catantops schaum, 1853. 22. Catantops pinguis innotabilis (walker). Genus Xenocatatops Dirsh and Uvarov, 1953. Key to species of Genus Xenocatatops Dirsh and uvarov, 1953. 23. Xenocatantops karnyi (Kirby). 24. Xenocatantops humilis humilis (Servile). Key to the Genus of subfamily Cyrtacanthacridinae. Genus Cyrtacanthacris walker, 1870. 25. Cyrtacanthacris tatarica (Linnaeus). Genus Chondracris Uvarov, 1923. 26. Chondracris rosea (de Geer). Genus Patanga Uvarov, 1923. 27. Patanga succincta (Johansson). Genus Anacridium Uvarov. 28. Anacridium flavescence (Fabricius). Genus Scistocerca Stal, 1873. 29. Scistocerca gregaria (Froskal). Subfamily Acridinae. Key to genera of subfamily Acridinae. Genus Acrida Linnaeus, 1758. 30. Acrida exaltata (walker). Genus Phlaeoba Stal, 1860. Key to species of genus phlaeoba stal, 1860. 31. Phlaeoba infumata brunner. 32. Phlaeoba antennata Brunner. Subfamily Oedipodinae. Key to the genera of subfamily Oedipodinae. Genus Aiolopus Fieber, 1853. 33. Aiolopus thalassinus tamulus (Fabricius). Genus Oedaleus Fieber, 1853. 34. Oedaleus abruptus (Thunberg). Genus Dittopternis Saussure, 1884. 35. Dittopternis venusta (walker). Genus Trilophidia Stal, 1873. 36. Trilophidia annulata (Thunberg). Genus Locusta Linnaeus, 1758. 37. Locusta migratoria migratorioides (Reiche and Fairmaire). Genus Gastrimargus Saussure, 1884. 38. Gastrimargus africanus orientalis sjostedt. Summary. Acknowledgements. References.