Synopsis Mankind will perish if the protection of the environment does not become an integral part of all our developmental programs. We need to plan for Sustainable development' based on the ethical principle of socio-economic equality and ecological sustainability. Economic development and environmental management (restoration and improvement) programs should go hand in hand. Clearly, the new paradigm of development is not the game of economics alone. All issues- ecological, social, political, cultural and technological have to be merged together in decision making for sustainable development. They are mutually reinforcing. Technology has more important and responsible role to play as it drives development. making economic development programs less dependent upon the 'fossil fuels' and more dependent on 'renewable energy sources' & other 'renewable biological resources (biodiversity);, 'less energy and material intensive' , and more 'equitable in its social and economic impact' on global level is the need of the hour. The book highlights some of these issues. The book will be useful for postgraduate and graduate students of Environmental Science, geography, economics, researchers and teachers.