Synopsis Indian cold deserts come under the trans Himalayan zone of Ladakh (Jammu and Kashmir) and Lahaul-Spiti (HImachal Pradesh) which are rich in ethnobotanical wealth and known for their characteristic environment. This book includes 704 plant species belonging to 298 genera and 63 families of ethnobotanical importance have been described alongwith their brief botany, families, habit, habitat and ethnobotanical utility under different chapters viz. Medicinal Plants, Aromatic Plants, Edible Wild Plants, Fodder Plants, Ornamental Plants, Magico-religious plants, fuel plants and forest plants. Besides some general chapters viz. physiography, plant survival in cold desert, ethnobotanical exploration, endangered plants, conservation and sustainable utilization and propagation and cultivation of important plants have also been discussed in the present compilation. In addition, all the listed plant species have been summarized in tabular form. The book also includes 438 photographs related to physiography, vegetation and different plant species of ethnobotanical importance, taken by the authors during the botanical exploration. The present compilation will be extremely useful to researchers and scientists associated with ethnobotany, traditional medical systems, natural products, horticulture, environment and allied fields of plant sciences for scientific based sustainable and commercial utilization for the benefit of society in general and defence forces deployed in this sector in particular.