Synopsis Soil, water and vegetation are three basic natural resources. The survival of God's creation depends upon them and nature has provided them as assets to human beings. The management of natural resources to meet people's requirements has been practised since the pre-Vedic era. Farmers were ranked high in the social system and village management was in their hands. In order to manage land, water and vegetation, technical knowledge suitable to the specific conditions of a region was required. They gained this knowledge and developed skill through experience and learning by doing. Over-exploitation of natural resources by growing population resulted in various severe problems. Destruction of vegetation has resulted in land degradation, denudation, soil erosion, landslides, floods, drought and unbalanced ecosystems. A balanced ecosystem is an urgent need. It is hoped that the book will be helpful for scientist, agricultural farmers and students pursuing courses on the subject.