Synopsis Penaeid shrimp comprises one of the most economically important marine products because of its universal appeal, unique taste, high unit value, and ever increasing demand in the international market as it has been given the prime importance both domestically and worldwide.  This unlimited demand for shrimps in the world market resulted in the over exploitation of the natural shrimp stocks in many parts of the world including the coastal waters of India.  While shrimp fishery is declining in the natural resources due to over exploitation, there has been a concomitant surge for the production of exportable varieties of shrimps.  In this context aquaculture of penaeids has emerged as the only viable alternative for sustaining and expanding the industry.  Penaeid shrimp culture is a field to which most of the countries have attached great importance as it is highly profitable with luxury food items which command high prices and earns good amount of foreign exchange.  Shrimp culture has emerged as a major frontier of modern aquaculture in recent years in India.  The present book is a unique in the sense that we have made all our efforts to present a comprehensive account on physiological mechanisms of reproduction including breeding, seed production and culture, microbial diseases, genetic improvement and also cryopreservation of gametes.  All these topics we have selected considering the constraints faced by the farmers in shrimp farming activities.