Synopsis The global nutrition transition and the accompanying surge of obesity and diet related diseases pose a serious threat that deserves immediate attention. Specifically, the nutrition transition manifested by overweight and obesity is associated with increasingly escalated rates of different non-communicable diseases and excessive increase in associated healthcare costs. The book is expected to provide an insight into the above nutritional intricacies mainly triggered by economic and subsequent lifestyle changes and dietary transition resulting in overweight and obesity. An endeavor has been made through this book to capture some of the above issues that merit serious concern. The book focuses on the relatively recent emergency that will be brewing for many nations in the near future in the form of overweight and obesity. The contents of the book are especially sober and point to the complexity of nutritional issues related with dietary transition, overweight and obesity that confront us in this modern world. The book will be useful to researchers, healthcare professionals, policy planners, development professionals, nutritionists and dieticians.