This study was conceived as on applied ecology and ecology of elephants apart from anthropocentric factors responsible for human-elephant conflict. In view of the fact that Asian elephant is now endangered throughout its range of distribution, due to ever exploding human civilization and ongoing developmental activities, a widely applicable education strategy and management principles, as required, are suggested in this book. The study undertaken, among others, is directed towards human-elephant conflict mitigation rather than conflict management to achieve peaceful coexistence. This study has also attempted in evolving short-term and long-term working system of elephant conservation by dovetailing modern science and technology with traditional practices. The book is more systematic and organized around a broad, comparative approach between the national parks, namely Nagarahole and Bandipur. Such a comparison helps bring about academic and applied significance into focus and provides for conceptual frame work.