In the technological age, understanding of convergent technology like nanotechnology, has become essential to cope with the developments taking place in various spheres. The public needs to be educated to be able to combine knowledge of science and technology with awareness of the relevant social contexts in which it is put to use. Nanotechnology is one such technology that can relate with environmental and health issues, alongside ongoing research. India has entered this field when the world over, nanotechnologies under commercial development represent more “evolutionary rather than revolutionary advances”. Nanoscience and nanotechnology is the study and use of materials that are less than one-800th the width of human hair. At these extraordinarily minute sizes, materials behave very differently with the possibility of new properties and limitations emerging. Smaller things also have their advantages in terms of efficacy of transport and function. Even a developing country like India is expected to bring world-class nanotechnology products into the global market within the next four years. The book attempts to give an update of where nanotechnology stands today and what are the issues at stake. The book describes the range of nanotechnology, without indulging in science fiction type of alarmist scenario building. The book presents articles which attempt to demystify nanotechnology, examine the issues involved in furthering nanotechnology and discusses the impact of ethical usage of technologies and attempts to sensitize the readers to the human aspect of such technologies.