Synopsis The papers in this volume, presented at National Seminar on Alternative Extension Approaches, held at Mitraniketan, Kerala, attempt to examine the different aspects of developments in agricultural extension. Highlighting the major concerns about the implementation of different extension systems under different conditions, they deliberate on continuing marginalization of farmers, low growth rate agriculture, poor income generating capacity and role of agricultural extension in shifting farming activity from traditional methods to market-orientation. The contributors also extend discussion on the role of Panchayati Raj, private extension services, and different innovative extension approaches.