Synopsis It is a well-established fact that technology creation and usage can lead to improvement in the living standard of people. Moreover, availability and usage of advanced technology is most necessary for developing countries. If the needs of poor people are neglected, new global risks will emerge. If these are managed well, the rewards could be greater than the risks. People all over the world have high hopes that new technologies could be a panacea for the risks by bringing about healthier lives, greater social freedom, increased knowledge and more productive livelihood. It is widely believed that the 20th century's unprecedented gains in human development and poverty reduction came largely from technological breakthroughs. However, without innovative public policy, these technologies could become a source of exclusion, instead of being a tool for progress. Amongst technologies, the lead role played by information and communication technology and biotechnology in effectuating human development has hogged the limelight, of late. Looking at the aforesaid portrayal, the role of technology, more so information and communication technology, in uplifting the social and economic condition of the people all over the world is considered indispensable. The present volume is an effort in that direction by explaining the role of technology in the human development process, the role of ICT and the status of different nations in it.