Synopsis For the survival of any civilization the maintenance of professional and technical skills is highly necessary. Civilization survives by the training their youth in getting the experience in the shape of skills and competencies for a long period of time. The main characteristic of the higher education is the establishment of colleges and universities and institutes of higher learning. This encyclopaedia traces the development of higher education in the modern world. Ancient civilization like India and the Christian civilization also had maintained universities during the period of their economic progress.