Synopsis The book deeply analyses the views of earlier writers on the subject of population, like Godwin, Condorcet, Russel Wallace, Richard Price among others, challenges them and convincingly brings forth Malthus's hypotheses which have gained universal acceptance. It also contains an inculcating introduction by K.R. Gupta, a well-known economist, which not only analyses Malthus's views but also studies many other factors like migration of population and problems related thereto, population ageing and the ideas of economists like Adam Smith and David Ricardo to further analyse the issues relating to population. The introduction facilitates easy understanding of Malthus's hypotheses and serves as a curtain-raiser for the book. It will be highly useful to the students and teachers of economics, sociology and anthropology and researchers in these fields. It will immensely benefit policymakers and demographers. Common readers will also find it interesting and informative