Synopsis In a democratic set up, the performance and effectiveness of government, depend on the quality and wisdom of legislative leadership. The role of opposition as alternate masters is equally important. Under these circumstances, it is a matter of great interest to examine the socio-economic conditions under which such individuals emerge, enter into the system of leadership and wield power and authority. The present study aims at analysing the socio-economic origin of the political leadership of one specific party i.e. the Congress during the period of 1972-1985, in the context of social, economic and political conditions of the state. The Congress Party had to face many challenges during this period. Political environment, no doubt affects mental makeup of the people and certain patterns emerge. The present study is an attempt to identify them.