Synopsis While there are numerous potential benefits of modern biotechnology, there are some legislative concerns about its possible adverse affects on environment, and human & animal health. This dictates the need to develop a biosafety policy and related legal instruments. In this context, present volume is an attempt to convert the knowledge base into readable resource. It puts together over a score of authentic review papers that focus on Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs), their interaction with the environment and biosafety. Prospects, challenges and potential risks of genetically modified crops and animals have been reviewed in these papers alongwith biosafety related concerns, policies and guidelines. There are copious references to contemporary developments in these areas in the Indian as well as global context.