Synopsis The Ocean of Buddhist Wisdom, Vol. IV is an Anthology of the selected papers presented in English by the scholars in the 7th and 8th Annual Conferences of the Indian society for Buddhist Studies(ISBS) held at Ujjain (Oct. 2007) and Aurangabad (Sept. 2008). The ISBS provides a common academic platform to the researchers and teachers working on various aspects of Buddhist Studies and hence the varieties of articles in the present volume. Efforts have been made to measure literary (Pali, Sanskrit, Chinese, Tibetan, Apabhramsha etc.), historical (including general history), art, architecture, archaeology etc.), philosophical, cultural, social and such other perspectives of multi-faceted, multi-coloured and multi-dimensional Buddhism in the present volume.