Synopsis The present volume is a study on the role of determinants influencing household fertility behaviour and identification of fertility differentials noted amongst different classes of population in Tripura. A review of the recently observed success of Tripura on demographic front is an added feature of the volume. The study has identified certain determinants which have significantly contributed in shaping the household attitude towards the size of the family in tune with the established norms. Some of these determinants are child mortality basic health service female education age at marriage of woman economic value of children culture place of residence and the like. The review performance of Tripura on demographic front vis-a-vis the performances of Kerala, West Bengal and India as a whole has identified certain factors such as education and health infrastructures having probable associations for the success/failure of the referred governments in regulating level of fertility.